今天为大家带来的是宾夕法尼亚大学建筑学2020毕业展。本篇文章主要围绕学生各种对未来建筑的畅想展开多种不同课题的讨论。今年的选题多与未来有关，充分地展示了学生对于未来的思考以及对于当下社会问题的关注。下面就随着小编一起膜拜吧！
1.高级建筑设计工作室
Advanced Architectural Design Studio
This studio speculates that a new typology can help sustain New York City’s financial global leadership in the world. New York cannot solely rely on import and export economies with the uncertainty of political pressures that affect the prices of goods and services. New York and other cities need to re-invent existing networks to be able to compete with trade barriers that are cumbersome and willfully destroying the growth of the economy. The future brings with it new opportunities that fuse technological innovation with growth in the US economy. The re-tooling of global manufacturing networks is underway with Vietnam, Taiwan and Malaysia becoming the recipients of global manufacturing needs. To add to a versatile and robust manufacturing agenda existing networks such as UPS, DHL, USPS and FedEx can gain considerably by allowing for new opportunities that extend their networks in that aid in the development of quick prototypes for each point on their network, reducing the cost of shipment internationally and hence making pricing cost effective with a quick turnaround. Price Water-house Coopers indicates that currently 90 percent of global trade flows through 39 airports and states, which pales around 28,000 points of distribution only for UPS along the networks that can enhance efficiency nationally. The city’s that become the most important along these networks will thrive. US manufacturing will benefit with an efficient hub accessible directly from New York City establishing it as the leader of prototyping nationally. The new hub will increase the relevance of NYC as a business and logistics hub making a stronger connection to global centers due to the quick turnarounds of the prototypes and strengthening development locally.设计专业课设想了一种能够帮助纽约维持全球金融龙头地位的方法。由于政治因素的不确定性会带来服务和货物价格的波动，纽约不能仅依靠进出口经济。纽约需要找到新的机遇，以打破阻碍经济增长的交易壁垒。未来的新机遇将由技术革新引领美国经济的增长。随着全球制造网络的革新，越南，台湾和马来西亚正成为全球制造需求的接收者。为了增强物流网络，例如UPS, DHL, USPS和 FedEx能够拓展业务机会，加强特色服务，在每个业务点提供快速原型服务，减少国际运输成本，从此优化价格，加快周转。普华永道报告显示，目前90%国际贸易是通过39个机场和国家中转。然而UPS有28000个集散点，可以提高运输效率。运输网络在城市中将变得更加重要。纽约建立高效运转的枢纽，成为国家原型制造的中心，美国制造业将从中收益。枢纽能够加快周转，提升本地发展，将使得纽约成为商业和物流枢纽，增强与全球市场的连接。
©Fang Cheng Qian Qiu
©Fang Cheng Qian Qiu
© Fang Cheng Qian Qiu
© Frank Xuefeng Li Kaiyi Cao
© Frank Xuefeng Li Kaiyi Cao
© Yuxuan Liang Sijie Gao
© Frank Xuefeng Li Kaiyi Cao
如果有对该STUDIO心动想深入学习的小伙伴，请点击这里哟：设计课︱用超跑概念设计一栋史无前例的建筑
2.未来社会的标志性建筑
Iconic Buildings for a Future Society
Fiberoptic facades, generative machines, green washes, artificially intelligent friends and optimistic dystopias characterize the exploration of Iconic Buildings for a Future Society throughout this semester. Is the near future a modification or our current reality or an idea that we cannot currently imagine? What is an iconic building? Does a building start as an icon of a society or does it become one through its relationship to its society over time? How can an existing city be redefined for the future? These are some of the questions that this studio has begun to contemplate.未来社会的光学纤维制的立面，自我衍生的机器，绿色清洗机，人工智能朋友和积极的反乌托邦式的标志性建筑贯穿了本学期。在不久的将来，会有一次我们无法想象的变革。什么是标志性的建筑？一个建筑作为一个社会的标志开始还是在经过一段时间后通过建筑本身和社会的关系变成一个标志？一座现存的城市如何在未来被重新定义？这个工作室已经开始着手解决这些问题。
© Neng Zhu Rui Lu
Through a multifaceted design approach that included digital video clips, physical models, diagrams and collage, the studio has evolved through a linear series of steps:1. design party platform for a future society2. design iconic building for your future society on a site of your choice3. merge your iconic building with an existing building4. relocate your iconic building to Lower Manhattan of a New New York of the near future通过多种设计工具，包括像数字视频片段，手工模型，分析图和拼贴画，工作室开发出了一系列线性的步骤：
1. 为未来社会设计一个派对平台
2. 在你选择的场地上为未来社会设计一个标志性建筑
3. 将标志性建筑和现存建筑进行融合
4. 在不久的将来把你的标志性建筑重新放置到一个新纽约的下曼哈顿地区
© Neng Zhu Rui Lu
© Neng Zhu Rui Lu
© Rentian Liu Frank Xuefeng Li
© Ruxin Zheng Matthew Paul Price
© Ruxin Zheng Matthew Paul Price
3.十五分钟倒计时-安迪·沃霍尔在东京
15 Minutes and Counting. A New Andy Warhol Museum for Tokyo
This studio will examine eastern and western pop art and its relation to the formulation of architecture by using digital techniques in an opportunistic fashion for the generation of growth and evaluation of patterns in the development of form. Digital techniques allow us to deal with the full complexity of material systems that lead to effects that are greater than the sum of their parts.该工作室将通过数字技术以机会主义方式研究东西方流行艺术及其与建筑设计的关系，以产生增长并评估形式发展中的样式。数字技术使我们能够处理材料系统的全部复杂性，从而导致效果大于各部分之和。
© Su Wan Park Xiaoyi Peng
© Fang Cheng Tianxiao Wang
© Fang Cheng Tianxiao Wang
© Qian Qiu Jingrong Ning
© Qian Qiu Jingrong Ning
4.重做20世纪临水建筑
Undoing/Redoing 20th Century Working Waterfronts
The premise of this studio revolves around the need to drastically redesign coastlines in the face of climate change, and that such redesign requires designers to rethink industry, logistics and infrastructure, and its impact on communities. By looking at two industrial waterfront sites on two continents (New York City and Semarang, Indonesia), students will be able to understand vulnerabilities and development cycles, compare approaches, and look at global relationships. Through their work, students will learn about urban resilience and try to link the natural, built, and social environments, while thinking through both global and local scales.这个工作室的假定前提是被卷入到一个面对气候变化有着强烈需求需要重新设计海岸线并且这种重新设计要求设计师重新思考产业，逻辑，基础设施以及对社区的影响。通过观察两个大陆临水场地（纽约城和三宝垄，印尼），学生们将能够理解各种缺陷，发展的圈子，对比不同的方法以及看待全球关系。通过他们的作品集，学生们将学到城市生活并且尝试将其余自然的，人造的和社会化的环境做联系，同时，也需要思考全球的和当地的比例。
© Robert I. Romo Quan Hao Huynh
© Robert I. Romo Quan Hao Huynh
© Jinyu Zhang Abinayaa Perezhilan
© Jinyu Zhang Abinayaa Perezhilan
© Jiachang Ye Tsui-Lun Wang
© Jiachang Ye Tsui-Lun Wang
5.让云服务器降温：未来数据中心的气候适应性设计
Cooling the Cloud: Climate-Adaptive Design for the Data Center of the Future
The data center is an emerging building typology, proliferating in the 21st century to provide cloud computing services to a rapidly growing number of users worldwide. Cloud Computing enables efficient hosting of pervasive applications from consumer, scientific, and business domains11. Data centers are the physical infrastructure of these Cloud applications. They provide protected environments for the processing needs of users. These centers consume large amounts of energy, partially due to the servers’ electric load. However, more significantly, 40 percent of the energy load is spent by the mechanical systems necessary to reject the heat produced by the servers. In order to minimize data centers’ carbon footprint, large Cloud service providers, like Mircrosoft, Google and Facebook, have initiated research on sustainable design strategy for data centers2.2What would be a model for the design of the data center of the future? Is it possible to both reduce reliance on mechanical systems and at the same time grow in computing capacity? How can we envision an architecture that provides the needs of the future expansion of the Cloud while managing its environmental impact?Our design studio will explore the potential to create a climate-adaptive building model for data centers in each of four different climatic zones in the United States: temperate, cold, hot-humid and hot-dry.数据中心是一种正在兴起的建筑形式，在21世纪为了给全世界范围内的用户提供云计算服务大量而大量出现。云计算能够高效地处理来自消费者，科学以及商业领域的普遍应用。这些中心消耗了大量的能量，部分原因是因为这些服务器的电力消耗。但是，更重要的是，40%的能量都被用来降低服务器产生的热量。为了降低数据中心的碳排放，大规模的云服务商像微软，谷歌和脸书都已经开始致力于数据中心的可持续性设计策略。
什么形态可以做为未来数据中心的模型？可不可能既降低对于机械降温系统的依赖又可以提升计算能力？我们可以如何想象一个建筑可以在控制云服务对于环境影响的前提下满足云服务拓展的需要？
我们的设计工作室将在美国的四个不同的气候区-温带，寒带，严热湿润区和干燥炎热区探索为数据中心创造可行的气候适应性模型。
© Abinayaa Perezhilan Suryakiran Jathan Prabhakaran
6.模糊的聚集：新形式综合体的推想
Fuzzy Aggregate: Speculations on New Forms of Mix-Use
The studio will center on the tension between multiple, discrete, even disparate parts or elements and indeterminately vague and even mysterious fuzzy aggregates. The impossibility to unify parts with whole, or the necessity of many wholes will be the unresolved questions posed by the studio. Rather than only understanding parts as essential, we will also imagine them as physical agents within both architectural volumes and surfaces. These two large and maybe opposing tendencies will arise in the studio, and will work either in parallel, against or in complete disregard of each other.工作室将聚焦多样的，离散的甚至是分离的部分或者元素以及不确定的神秘的模糊的聚集。无法将部分从整体中分离，以及整体存在的必要性，将成为工作室提出的尚未解决的问题。我们不仅用建筑的体量和表面来想象他们作为物理代表，也把他们理解为重要的部分。这两个大的部分以及可能存在的对立趋势将在工作室并存。我们将平行，对立或者完全独立地做设计。
© Yingxin Zhang Yuhe Zhao
© Yingxin Zhang Yuhe Zhao
© Qianni Shi Han Zhang
© Qianni Shi Han Zhang
© Marta Llor Catherine Shih
© Marta Llor Catherine Shih
© Catherine Shih Marta Llor
7.课题：补鞋匠Kimberly
Thesis: Kimberly Shoemaker
Architecture of Counter Surveillance: Disorientation, Interventions, and Escape in a Filtered Reality.This thesis investigates the role of architecture in surveillance methods and surveillance’s impact on how people interact with their built environment. There is a new form of human agency resulting from constant surveillance that calls for a new architecture intervention. By working from existing conditions in an urban setting, this project aims to create a physical breach within the invisible network that has established a new standard of “eyes on the street” in this digital age. Providing a space of escape, the architecture program as a digital sanatorium creates tension with the iconicity and exposure of Hudson Yards, New York City. This new architecture emerges by focusing around dichotomies of manipulation/disorientation, candid/filtered, dumb/smart, and complicit/resistance. The main questions in focus manifest in the category of Filtered Realities: What layers of personal space are stripped away due to surveillance and control? And Candid Escapes: How can a new architecture intervention interrupt agency in a surveillance state?建筑的对抗监管：在纠正后的现实中迷失方向，干预和逃离。此篇论文调查了建筑在监管方式和监管对人们在其建造环境中行为的影响。这是一种由持续监管所产生的新型的人类能动性，称之为新建筑介入。通过作用郊区现有条件的设定，此项目目的在于创造一种在可视网络范围内的物理干预，以及在数字化时代“街道之眼”的新标准。以一块逃离空间为条件，此建筑项目作为数字化休养地，用标志性和纽约哈德孙河畔的曝光度来创造拉力。这种新建筑通过关注控制/迷惑，公正/片面的，愚蠢/聪明的二分法来塑造。主要问题集中在筛选过的现实：什么层次的个人空间因为控制和监管被揭开？公正流失：一个新建筑如何在一个监管状态下打破监管部门的行为？
looking up view of new architecture existing between existing and platform
interior atmosphere view
exterior view
exploded slices of massing studies
digital translation of physical model
geometric and material study
这些仅是2020建筑设计毕业展中的部分作品，更多详细信息请参看https://www.design.upenn.edu/yes2020/architecture
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